Excavata Thomas Cavalier-Smith in 2002
Excavata are unicellular organisms, containing a variety of free-living and symbiotic forms, and also including some important parasites of humans. They are classified based on their flagellar structures, and they are considered to be the oldest members of flagellated organisms.
Z. compressoidea, a-b after Chardez, 1958; c after Jung, 1942 Zivkovicia compressoidea (Jung, 1942) new.comb. Basionym: Pontigulasia compressoidea Jung, 1942 Diagnosis: Shell ovoid and compressed,
Z. flexa, from Cash and Hopkinson, 1909 Zivkovicia flexa (Cash and Hopkinson, 1909) Ogden, 1983 Basionym: Pontigulasia compressa var. flexa Cash and Hopkinson, 1909 Diagnosis:
L. epiouxi, after Chardez, 1984 3 Lagenodifflugia epiouxi (Chardez, 1983) new comb. Basionym: Pontigulasia epiouxi Chardez, 1983 Diagnosis: Shell elongate, circular in cross-section or very
Centropyxis lapponica, after Grospietsch, 1954 Centropyxis lapponica Grospietsch, 1954 Diagnosis: Shell nearly circular in circumference, without spines. Aperture clear square with rounded corners. Shell viewed
Chaos spec., Crailoo, 2021 Chaos spec. This specimen was found in a samples from Crailoo, Netherlands. It was remarkable because of the absence of crystals.
Difflugia lobostoma parasitism I found this Difflugia lanceolata specimen in 2021, in the mud of a shallow pond. A parasite is present in the posterior
Bullinularia maxima – from Bobrov and Mazei, 2020 Bullinularia maxima Bobrov et Mazei, 2020 Diagnosis: Shell brown, opaque, elliptical in ventral view; ventral surface is
Bullinularia macroporum – from Bobrov and Mazei, 2020 Bullinularia macroporum Bobrov et Mazei, 2020 Diagnosis: Shell yellow-brownish, transparent, circular in ventral view; ventral surface is
N. golemanskyi, after Todorov, 2010 Nebela golemanskyi Todorov, 2010 Diagnosis: Shell large, colourless and pyriform, with a distinct short neck about one fourth of the
N. nebeloides, after Gauthier-Lièvre and Thomas, 1958 Nebela nebeloides (Gauthier-Lièvre and Thomas, 1958) Todorov et al., 2010 Basionym: Difflugia nebeloides Gauthier-Lièvre and Thomas, 1958 Diagnosis: